What is Digital Storytelling?
Dr. Bernard Robin from the University of Houston has defined digital storytelling as “the art of telling stories with a variety of digital multimedia, such as images, audio, and video. Just about all digital stories bring together some mixture of digital graphics, text, recorded audio narration, video and music to present information on a specific topic.” Dr. Robin further explains that “digital stories revolve around a chosen theme and often contain a particular viewpoint. The stories are typically just a few minutes long and have a variety of uses, including the telling of personal tales, the recounting of historical events, or as a means to inform or instruct on a particular topic.
What types of digital stories are there?
- Personal narratives
- Digital stories that examine historical events
- Digital stories that inform or instruct
How can digital stories be used in education?
Digital stories can be either teacher driven or student driven. A teacher could create a digital story to introduce a new unit or to help to better explain a math concept. A student could create a digital story to explain a short story he has written or as a project to explain the importance of Hammurabi’s Code on the development of Western civilization. Digital stories capitalize on an individual’s creativity and research skills but also develop much desired critical thinking skills.
Here are just a few of the skills acquired by those who create a digital story:
- Research Skills: Documenting the story, finding and analyzing pertinent information
- Writing Skills: Formulating a point of view and developing a script
- Organization Skills: Managing the scope of the project, the materials used and the time it takes to complete the task
- Technology Skills: learning to use a variety of tools, such as digital cameras, scanners, microphones and multimedia authoring software
- Presentation Skills: Deciding how to best present the story to an audience
- Interview Skills: Finding sources to interview and determining questions to ask
- Interpersonal Skills: Working within a group and determining individual roles for group members
- Problem-Solving Skills: Learning to make decisions and overcome obstacles at all stages of the project, from inception to completion
- Assessment Skills: Gaining expertise critiquing their own and others’ work.
What impact does the Media Center have on the creation of digital stories?
The Media Center is vital to the production of a digital story because of the invaluable resources that are located in it. Not only does the media center have access to much of material needed to complete a digital story but the media specialist, in collaboration with the classroom teacher, can introduce and teach students vital 21st Century skills within the process of completing the digital story.
What is needed to plan a digital story?
The Center for Digital Storytelling (CDS) in Berkeley, California has developed and disseminated for several years “The Seven Elements of Digital Storytelling.” As students begin to develop their digital stories, they should take the following from the CDS into consideration.
CDS' Seven Elements of Digital Storytelling
- Point of View: What is the main point of the story and what is the perspective of the author?
- A Dramatic Question: A key question that keeps the viewer's attention and will be answered by the end of the story.
- Emotional Content: Serious issues that come alive in a personal and powerful way and connects the story to the audience.
- The Gift of Your Voice: A way to personalize the story to help the audience understand the context.
- The Power of the Soundtrack: Music or other sounds that support and embellish the storyline.
- Economy: Using just enough content to tell the story without overloading the viewer.
- Pacing: The rhythm of the story and how slowly or quickly it progresses.
What are the steps to create a digital story?
STEP ONE: Choose a Topic, Write a Script
- Create a folder on the desktop where you can store all of the materials related to your digital story. Select a topic for your digital story.
- Begin thinking of the purpose of your story. Are you trying to inform, convince, provoke, question? Also, think about who the audience will be for this story.
- Write the first draft of the script for your story. This script will serve as the basis of the narration you will record later.
- Read what you have written make sure your script includes a clearly articulated purpose and includes an identifiable point of view.
- Share your script with others and use their feedback to improve the next version of your script.
- Repeat the process of getting feedback and revising the script, until you are satisfied with the results.
STEP TWO: Collect Resources
- Search for or create images that can be used in your story, including: pictures, drawings, photographs, maps, charts, etc. - Save these resources in your folder.
- Try to locate audio resources such as music, speeches, interviews, and sound effects. - Save these resources in your folder.
- Try to find other informational content, which might come from web sites, word processed documents, or PowerPoint slides - Save these resources in your folder.
STEP THREE: Select Content, Develop a Storyboard
- Here is a link to a story board to use...http://digitalstorytelling.coe.uh.edu/pdfs/storyboard.pdf
- Select the images you would like to use for your digital story.
- Select the audio you would like to use for your digital story.
- Select the text and any additional content you would like to use for your digital story.
- Create a storyboard that provides a textual and visual overview of your plan for the digital story.
STEP FOUR: Import, Record, Finalize
- Import images into Photo Story or other similar software program.
- Import audio into Photo Story.
- Modify the number of images and/or image order, if necessary.
- Use a computer microphone and record the narration of your script.
- Import the narration into Photo Story.
- Add music or other audio to your story.
- Finalize your digital story by saving it in a version that can be viewed.
STEP FIVE: Demonstrate, Evaluate, Replicate
- Show your digital story to your students and colleagues.
- Gather feedback about how the story could be improved, expanded, and used educationally.
- Teach others how to create their own digital story.
- Congratulate yourself for a job well done!
How do copyright laws affect digital storytelling?
Copyright plays an important role in digital storytelling and each individual creating a story needs to be aware of the law so one knows what kind of images, sounds and other media one can use without infringing the copyright of others. However, creation of digital stories in the classroom generally falls under the category of “amateur activity.” Because of this, the stories are not intended for commercial use and protected by Fair Use laws. Although, the best policy would be not to use copyrighted material unless it is absolutely necessary to avoid the issue altogether.
If you would like to know more about digital stories, here are a few references for you!
Educational Uses of Digital Storytelling:
Here are a few links to royalty free media:
American Rhetoric:
Find Sounds:
Free Kid’s Music Library:
Free Play Music Library:
Kitzu-Digital kits for Education:
Bibliography
Digital Storytelling: Navigating Copyright Issues. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2012, from Center for History and New Media website: https://sites.google.com/site/chnmdigitalstorytellingaha2012/ navigating -copyright-issues
Robin, B. R. (n.d.). The Educational Uses of Digital Storytelling. Retrieved March 28, 2012, from Department of Education, University of Houston website: http://faculty.coe.uh.edu/brobin/ homepage/Educational-Uses-DS.pdf
The Seven Elements of Storytelling. (n.d.). Retrieved March 28, 2012, from Department of Education, University of Houston website: http://digitalstorytelling.coe.uh.edu/7elements.html






